Kingda Huh?
Xa iqala ngo-2005, u-Kingda Ka e- New Jersey kwi-Six Flags Great Adventure wafaka ibango lamagama amabini e - roller roller. Ukukhwela kwe-adrenaline ye-adrenaline ye-50.6 yesibini ukuthumela i-coaster ikhupha i-tower engaphezu kwe-456-foot foot tower kwaye ifinyelela kwisantya esiphezulu se-128 mph ngemizuzwana yesi-3.5. Yikes!
Yintoni eyenza u- Kingda Ka ukuba aqokelele ngokungaqhelekanga irekhodi? Hydraulics.
Ukuba le nkcazo ye-pithy uye uyikhanda intloko yakho, masidibelele kwezinye zeenkcukacha.
Kude kube ngasekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970, phantse zonke ii-coasters zamanqaku ezinamhlanje zilinganiselwe. Ingaba iitrakthi zenziwe ngamatye okanye kwintsimbi, iqhosha lokuphakamisa i-poky elixhaswe ngumgca we-click-clack-cock train coaster ngokukhawuleza ephakamileyo intaba. Phezulu kwinduli, ikhonkco echithwe kunye nokugqithisa.
Uninzi lwama-coasters akhiwe ukususela ekupheleni kwee-1970 ukuya kusetyenziswa indlela yokuzama-yeyinyaniso, kodwa abanye abagibeli beebhanki baye batshintsha indawo yeenduli zokuphakama eziqhelekileyo kunye neenkqubo ezininzi zokuqalisa. Bayakwazi ukukhawuleza ukukhawuleza, ukukhawuleza, ukuphakama, kunye (ngokuqinisekileyo) ukuzonwabisa, kunye nokudala iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo zokuhamba. Ukukrazula kwipropati yokulayisha, i-coasters njengo-Kingda Ka baqeda ukulindela kwenduli yokuphakamisa nokunikela isenzo sokungabikho emsebenzini ukususela ekuqaleni ukuya ekupheleni.
Ukuthumela izitimela ezinqabileyo kunye nabagibeli babo abangenabutshayilo bememeza ukusuka ekuhambeni kwabo, bakhwela abaqulunqi baye bavelisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuqalisa, kuquka ukujikeleza kwamagnetic, umoya ogxininisiweyo kunye neenjini zamandla kagesi.
Kodwa i-hydraulics inikezela ngendlela elula kwaye efanelekileyo yokufumana imoto ngokukhawuleza ihamba ngokukhawuleza-KUKHULU ngokukhawuleza.
I-Coaster kwi-Steroids
Inkqubo yokuvelisa amanzi ifana ne-coast-hill coaster coaster ... kwi-mega doses ye-steroids. Esikhundleni sekhenketho lokuphakamisa, i-coaster isebenzisa ikhebula elinqabileyo kwi-winch enkulu.
Ukufakwe kwikhebula yinqwelo yokubamba, isixhobo esilulela izitimela kunye nama-rocket phantsi komzila wokuqalisa. Ukutshata le mibini, "inja" ihla iphuma phakathi kweso sitima kunye nezikhonkwane kwiimoto zokubamba. Phantse ezimbini kwiyesithathu zendlela eya ngaphaya kwe-Kingda Ka ka-track yangaphambili yokuqalisa, isitimela siphuthuma kwisantya sayo esiphezulu, inja iphakamisa kwaye ikhutshwe kwisitimela, i-brnetic brakes igxotha imoto yokubamba, kwaye isitimela siyaqhubeka siphezulu se-hat6. I-Gravity ithatha uloliwe ngaphesheya kwinqaba kunye nokubuyela kwisikhululo.
Ngokungafani nabaqhankqalazi abaqhelekileyo, ngokuqhelekileyo bafikelela kwisantya esiphezulu emva kokugqithisa ukuwa kweyokuqala, amawashi ka-Kingda Ka ngo-128 mph endleleni eya kwinqaba. "Ngokweengcamango, sifuna ukushaya isantya esifanayo kumacala omabini kwinqaba," utshilo uMichael Reitz, onyunjineli osebenza kunye neTandathu Flags kunye nelungu leqela lophuhliso elasebenza ku-Kingda Ka. "Kodwa umoya, umthwalo ubunzima babantu, ukufudumala, umswakama, kunye nezinye izinto zichaphazela ukukhawuleza." Uthi u-Kingda Ka udla ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuya kuma-120 mph ngaphantsi komnye kwinqaba ngaphambi kokuba ahambe kwinduli yakhe yesibili aze abuyele ekhaya.
Oko kuchaza indlela izithuthi zikaKingda Ka zikhupha ngayo kwisikhululo sokulayisha.
Kodwa i-winch ikhiqiza njani ngokwaneleyo i-yank ikhebula phantsi komzila wokuqalisa? Hydraulics.
U-Reitz uchaza ukuba i-winch ixhunyiwe kwii-motor-hp ezisibhozo ezi-8-hp ezihlala kwindawo ephambili enkulu yamanzi e-hydraulic fluid. Igesi ye-nitrogen egxininisweyo i-fluid ngokusebenzisa ama-motor ukudala amandla. Iinjineli ziphawula ukuba iimoto zithumela amandla adala ama-accumulator angama-intro kwaye zifanisa inkqubo yokuqhuma ibhaluni.
"Bagcina ubuninzi bamandla, ngoko-ke ngexesha elichanekileyo, inqaku, bayalikhulula," kusho uReitz. "Bakwazi ukuvelisa i-20,800 i-horse-horse power". Ukuthelekisa, injini yemoto idla ngokulula malunga ne-175 hp. Sithetha ngamandla amakhulu apha.
Kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kunye neTaller?
Kukho okufanayo (ukuba kuncinci kunye nokuphuza) ama-rocket coaster, aquka i-Top Thrill Dragster eCedar Point kunye ne- Xcelerator kwi-Knott yaseBerry Farm.
Ngezicatshulwa zayo eziphezulu, ezinokukhawuleza, u-Kingda Ka unxiba umbuzo: Ubungakanani ubude kunye nokhawuleza abanokuba ngabayili bemveliso? "Umngeni awukho 'Ngaba sinokuyenza?' "UReitz uthi, ngokubhekiselele kwi-brinkmanship coaster. "Umbuzo uwukuthi 'Kuliphi iindleko?' "U
Iipaki ziyakwazi ukuxhomekeka kwiifaki zokuqhafaza ukuze zivavanye i-mettle yazo kwiimishini ezinkulu, ezinokukhawuleza ngokukhawuleza. Isibhakabhaka, ngokucacileyo, ngumda (njengokuba i-speedometerseter), kodwa zingaphi iipaki eziza kulungelelanisa izigidi zeedola ziza kuba neendleko zokwakha abaxhasi ababetha isibhakabhaka?
Ekubeni u-Kingda Ka wavula, enye i-coaster, i-Formula Rossa kwi-World Ferrari e-Abu Dhabi, iye yaqhuba ukukhwela kwe-New Jersey njengeyona nto ihamba phambili ngokukhawuleza . Kwakhona isebenzisa inkqubo yokuqalisa i-hydraulic. Ukususela ngo-2018, u- Kingda Ka usenalo irekhodi yokuphakama . Kodwa kungekhona ixesha elide ngokucacileyo. "I-coaster coaster" ebizwa ngokuthi yi-SkyScraper echazwa ukuba iya kwi-Orlando (nangona ukuvulwa kwayo kwaziswa kwexesha elithile) kuya kukhwela ngaphezu kwesiza esikhoyo.