I-Saint-Denis Basilika: Isikhokelo esigqibeleleyo

01 ka 09

Indawo ehamba phambili yeTrigrimage Site kunye neRoyal Necropolis

Kukho nje ngaphandle kwemida yaseParis, i- Cathedral Basilica yaseSaint Denis yenye yezona ndawo eziqhelanisayo zehlabathi zobugcisa kunye nembali yaseburhulumenteni yaseFransi, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo ihoywa ngabavakhenkethi (abahlambela kwi- Notre Dame Cathedral okanye iSaint- I-Chapelle .) Kucatshangelwa ukuba ngumzekelo wokuqala wobugcisa be-gothic, owakhiwe phakathi kwe-1140 no-1144.

Izindlu ezihlala kwiSt. Denis , umgcini we-France oyi-patron (wabulawa ngo-250 AD), isayithi iye yahanjelwa ngabahambi, abahambi, nabakhenkethi ngokufanayo ukususela ngekhulu le-5. Nangona indawo ye-cathedral yangoku kunye ne- royal necropolis yayisetyenziswe ngaphambili njengendawo yamangcwaba aseGallo-Roman kunye nebandla elincinci elakhelwa ngcwabeni likaSt. Denis ngo-475, ukumkani waseMerovingian uDagobert wabuya wamisela icawa enkulu apha ngekhulu le-7. Amathambo eSt. Denis ahanjelwa kwii-kisikiti zokukhala, apho ingcwaba lingabonakala khona.

Funda ezihlobene: 6 Iindawo eParis ukuze Ufumane Imbali Yakho Ephakathi

I-cathedral yayicingelwa ingcwele kangangokuthi uPepin Mfutshane, uyise kaCharlemagne, wayenenkosi ebukhosini eSt. Denis Basilica ngo-754. Emva koko wangcwatyelwa apho, kunye nobuninzi bookumkani kunye namakhosikazi aseFransi ukususela kwinkulungwane yesibhozo ukuya ku-Louis XVIII ngo-1824. I-basilica (eyaba yintlanganiso ye-cathedral ngo-1966) yahlula ngamacandelo amabini. I- necropolis egcwele ukukhanya igqithise imifanekiso engama-70 kunye namathuna amanqaku okugqibela okuphumla kwamanye abalinganiswa ababalaseleyo beFransi: ookumkani abangama-42, iikosikazi ezingama-32, iinkosana ezingama-63 kunye namakhosazana, kunye namanani angama- 10 abalulekileyo abanjelwe apha. Ngaphandle kwesi silwandle sezinto zokuhlala ezihlaziyiweyo ezikhanyiswayo ukukhanya kweKathhedral ku-crypt, apho iindwendwe zifumana khona amangcwaba aseSt. Denis kunye neyokugqibela yamakhosi aseFransi yaseBurbon, kuquka no-Louis XVI no-Marie-Antoinette abangenakugula I siFulentshi.

Nangona sele ihamba nabahambahambayo kwiintsuku zonke zaseFransi ngezinyawo ukuya e-Basilica, iSt. Denis uyabulela ngoku ngokuya kuba "abahambahambayo" phakathi kwethu: ukuhamba kweemitha ezifutshane nje eParis. Yenza uhambo olunomdla kwaye luyimfuneko oluvela eParis .

Indawo kwaye Ufika apho

Idilesi: 1 rue de la Légion d'honneur, Saint-Denis 93200
Metro: Basilique yaseSt. Denis (umgca 13)
Ukutyelela iwebhusayithi esemthethweni ngolwazi olungakumbi

Iiyure zokuvula

I-cathedral ne-necropolis zivulekileyo kunyaka wonke, ngaphandle kweminye imbalwa.
Epreli 1 ukuya kuSeptemba 30: 10am ukuya ku-6: 15 ntambama, ngeCawa 12 ukuya ku-6: 15 ntambama
Oktobha 1 ukuya kuMatshi 31: 10am ukuya ku-5 ntambama, ngeCawa 12 ukuya ku-5: 15 ntambama

Qaphela: Ukwamkelwa kokugqibela imizuzu engama-30 ngaphambi kokuvalwa. Hlola iwebhusayithi eseburhulumenteni xa kukho iiyure ezivulekileyo zokuvula ukukhungatheka.

Kuvaliwe: uJanuwari 1, ngoMeyi 1, noDisemba 25 ngeenkonzo ezithile zonqulo.

Iikitikiti:

Ukungena kwi-basilica kukhululekile, kodwa amathikithi ayadingeka ukuba afumane i-necropolis kunye ne-crypt. Abantu abadala bahlawula ixabiso elipheleleyo lokungena ngelixa abantwana abangaphantsi kwe-18 bangenako ukukhululeka ukuba bahamba nomntu omdala. Ukungena kwamahhala kunikezelwa nakwiindwendwe ezikhubazekileyo kunye nokuhanjiswa kwazo (kubuza phambili xa ubhalela ityelelo), iindwendwe ezingasebenziyo kunye nabemi base-EU abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-26 ubudala (kunye nepasipoti esemthethweni ye-EU okanye ikhadi le-ID). Ukufumana ulwazi olunzulu nolwaziweyo malunga namanani okungeniswa, nceda uqhagamshelane newebhusayithi esemthethweni.

Uhambo lweeNdwendwe:

Ihotele ezikhokelayo zifumaneka kubantu ngabanye okanye kumaqela. Ukubhuka, fowuna +33 (0) 1 49 21 14 87. Iiholide ezizimeleyo zifumaneka kwiilwimi ezahlukeneyo (ulwimi lwesiFrentshi, isiNgesi, iSpanish nolwimi lwesiFrentshi). Shayela +33 (0) 1 44 54 19 33. Iitye zithatha phakathi kweyure kunye neyure nesiqingatha.

Ukufikeleleka:

I-basilica ifikeleleke ngokupheleleyo kwizivakashi ezikhubazekileyo, kodwa uncedo oluthile lungadinga ukugcinwa kwangaphambili. Shayela +33 (0) 1 49 21 14 87 okanye +33 (0) 1 48 09 83 54 ngolwazi olungakumbi.

Cofa ngegalari epheleleyo kwimifanekiso kunye neengqamaniso ezivela kwi-basilica endala, engaziwayo.

02 we-09

IWindows Rose Window eCathhedral St Denis

Ngekhulu le-12, u-Abbot Suger waguqula icawa yeDanbert ye-7 ye-7 edibeneyo ibe yinto emangalisayo yokwakha. Yayifakwe kwiifestile ezibonakalayo ezikhanyayo, i-cross-ribbed ephahleni, iinqwelo ezindizayo, kunye neengqameko eziphambili, phakathi kwezinye iindidi ezahlukeneyo. Ngaloo ndlela, kuthethwa ngokubanzi njengenye yezakhiwo zokuqala zaseGothic, zombini kwisakhiwo kunye nesakhiwo.

Kuboniswe apha yiWesen Denis 'western window window, njengoko kubonwe ukusuka emnyango we-necropolis. Iifestile ezimbini zenyuka zongezwa ngekhulu le-19 ukutshintsha indawo yangaphambili. Le ngxowa yatshatyalaliswa ngexesha loPhulo lweFrench lwesi-1789; ukukhokelwa kwachithwa kwaye kwasetyenziswa izixhobo.

03 ka 09

I-Glass egciniweyo: Ukufikelela kuKhanya

Ngama-Middle Ages, ukukhanya kwakusisimboli sehlabathi likaThixo, isezulwini, ngokuqhelekileyo likhonza njengomzekeliso kuThixo. Ekufakeni i-basilica kunye ne-panoply yeefestile zeglasi, u-Abbot Suger wayenethemba lokukhuthaza abakhulekeli ukuba bafikelele kwiindawo ezikhanyayo, zokomoya, bashiya ubumnyama behlabathi lasemhlabeni. KwiSt. Denis, ukukhanya ngokukhawuleza kubonisa iiplanga, iindonga kunye namangcwaba anombala wokutshintsha indawo kunye nomgangatho njengoko usuku luqhubeka. Kuhlala kugqugquzelwa iindwendwe kunye nabaculi, abokugqibela abaye bamisa iindawo eziphambili ze-necropolis ekukhanyeni.

04 we-09

ImiSebenzi yamaKhosi, ii-Queens, kunye neNinzi

Njengoko kuthethwe ngaphambili, iStan Denis yindawo yokuphumla kwiinkosikazi zamaFrentshi, ookumkani, ookumkanikazi, kunye namanye amalungu omhlaba wobukumkani, obaluleke kakhulu kubo abakhelwe imimandla ephawulekayo. Ezi ziqulatho eziqhelekileyo ziphawula iindlela ezahlukeneyo zobugcisa be-funereal. Ngeli-12 leminyaka, umzekelo, amanani ayebonakaliswe ngamehlo abo avulekileyo, ngelixa i-Renaissance ibonakaliswe yimveliso yezithombe ezinkulu. Ezi zinto zanceda ekuqiniseni ubudlelwane bamaKristu phakathi kokufa kunye nesithembiso sovuko.

05 ka 09

Iinkcukacha zeRubumbes Effigies

Abanye abalingana be-St-Denis bavuselela inceba, njengale ntsapho yama-royals, kubandakanye nomntwana omncinci obonakala ngokulahlekelwa ubomi bakhe kusasa kakhulu. Oku, ngokubuhlungu, akukho into engaqhelekanga kwimpilo ephakathi, nangona kuluntu oluhle kakhulu kuluntu.

06 ka 09

Ibhomu likaKumkani uDagobert I

UKumkani uDagobert I waseFransi wayejongene nokwakhiwa kabusha kweSt Denis njengendwendwe yaseBenedictine eyazinikela eSt. Denis, ithatha indawo yecawa encinci eyayithunywe yiSt. Geneviève eyayisigcine isayithi.

I-Dagobert yokungcwaba ingcwaba, eboniswe ngasentla, itholakala kwisiza sokubethelwa kwenkosi ngo-639, kufuphi neentsika zikaSt. Denis.

Le ntlawulo enkulu ebonakalayo kubakhenkethi yabuyelwa kwakhona kwiklasi yeshumi elinesithathu kwaye ixelela ibali lombono kaYohane ummiselo: umphefumlo wenkosi uthathwa kwiGehena ngenxa yobusela bakhe bepropati, kodwa uSaint Denis, uMartin noMaurice banqamle iidemon kwaye uthathe umphefumlo, uwuzise ezulwini. Ngaloo ndlela, iqinisa umninimzi njengomgcini weokumkani baseCapetian kunye nabo ngokomoya.

07 ka 09

I-Crypt yaseSt Denis

I-St-Denis Basilica, ngokungaqinisekiyo, yazinikezelwa kwintanda yegama elinye, umbhishobhi wokuqala waseFransi owayehlala ngekhulu le-3 leminyaka. Ngokutsho kweengxelo zamatyala, wahlulwa ikhanda eMontmartre (ngoku iyingxenye yaseParis kodwa ke idolophu encinane ngasentla kumadonga wedolophu) ngexesha lokutshutshiswa kwamaKristu, kodwa wayithatha intloko waza wayithatha iikhilomitha ezilishumi kwindawo ayeyifunayo yokungcwaba, apho iSt. Denis Basilica ngoku. Kuthiwa ngexesha lokuhamba kwakhe ininzi intloko yaqhubeka ishumayela iintshumayelo. Kubugcisa, udlalwa njengecephalophore - isanta esithwele intloko.

Ingcwaba lakhe likhona kwi-cryptical crypt ye-basilica (echazwe ngasentla), kunye neye-Saints Rustique ne-Eleuthère.

I-romanesque crypt yindawo yokungcwaba kaLouis XVI noMarie-Antoinette abaqale baxoxwa eMadeleine kodwa emva koko bathuthela eSt. Denis phantsi kweLouis XVIII.

08 ka 09

Inkomfa Iinkcukacha (Ukusuka Kwimangalisa Kuya Kuhlekisa)

Uninzi lwamangcwaba eSt. Denis luneenkcukacha ezonwabisayo ezingahle zilahleke ekuboneni kuqala. Khangela izibalo ezimnandi apha nakubantu, njengalezi zibini abaphengululi bexesha eliqhelekileyo bayichaza ngokucacileyo incwadi. Amanye amatye abonisa izilwanyana ezincinci (izinja, onogwaja, njl.) Zilele ezinyaweni zookumkani kunye nabaphathikazi.

09 we 09

Iqonga elikhumbuza uJoan waseArc

UJoan waseArc wayengomnye weendwendwe ezininzi eSt-Denis ngekhulu le-15, ebeka izandla zakhe esibingelelweni saseSt. Denis emva kokulimala. Ngoku uthathwa njengomnye wabangcwele baseFransi.