Iipiramidi zamandulo zaseYiputa zidumile emhlabeni wonke, kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo enye yezinto ezifunyenwe kakhulu kwiindwendwe zelizwe laseAfrika. Ngokomzekelo, i-Great Pyramid yaseGiza ibonwa njengenye yeZiqhamo ezisixhenxe zehlabathi elidlulileyo kwaye ihlala enye yezona ndawo zikhokele ezona umdla zotyelelo. Xa kuthelekiswa, iMerbia yeMeroë Pyramids ayifumaneki; kwaye kunjalo, baninzi baninzi, baninzi kwaye banemibandela enomdla.
Kukho malunga neekhilomitha ezili-62 / iikhilomitha ezingama-100 kumntla weKhayrtoum kufuphi neenxweme zeMlambo iNayile , iMeroë ihlala kumapiramidi angaba ngu-200. Eyakhiwe ngaphandle kweebhloko ezinkulu ze-sandstone kwindlela yaseNubian, iipiramidi zibukeka zihluke kakhulu kubahlobo bazo baseYiputa, kunye neziseko ezincinci kunye namacala amaninzi angamazantsi. Nangona kunjalo, zakhiwa ngenjongo efanayo - ukukhonza njengendawo yokungcwaba kunye nesitatimende samandla, kule ngxowa yookumkani kunye namakhosikazi kaMbuso waseMeroiti wasendulo.
Imbali Engabonakaliyo
Yakhiwe phakathi kwama-2,700 kunye nama-2 300 kwiminyaka edlulileyo, i-Meroë Pyramids yintsika yoBukumkani bamaMeroitic, eyaziwa ngokuba nguBukumkani bukaKush. Ookumkani kunye nabafazi beli xesha babusa phakathi kwe-800 BC ne-350 AD, kwaye baqhutyelwa phezu kwendawo enkulu ebandakanya ininzi yeNayile yaseNayile kwaye bafikelela kude kuseKhartoum. Ngeli xesha, isixeko samandulo saseMeroë sasisebenza njengeziko lolawulo lokumzantsi kwaye emva koko liyinkunzi yalo.
Omdala weMeroë Pyramids ulandelwa ngaphambili yi-Yiputa iminyaka engama-2 000, kwaye ngoko ke iyakwamukelwa ngokubanzi ukuba yangaphambili iphefumlelwe yiyo yokugqibela. Enyanisweni, inkcubeko yaseMeroiti yangaphambili yayithinteke kakhulu kwiYiputa YaseYiputa, kwaye kubonakala ngathi abachwebi baseYiputa bathunyelwa ukuba bancede ukuzakhela iipiramidi eMeroë.
Nangona kunjalo, ulwahlulo lwe-aesthetic phakathi kweepramamidi kwiindawo zombini lubonisa ukuba amaNubi abuye abe nesitayela sawo sahlukileyo.
Iipramramdi namhlanje
Nangona i-reliefs eqingqiwe ngaphakathi kweepramramdi ibonisa ukuba ubukhosi bamaMeriti babenokumiswa kwaye bangcwatyelwa kunye nobutyebi obutyebi obuquka ubuncwane obuxabisekileyo, izixhobo, ifenitshala kunye nobumba, iipramamidi zaseMeroë zize zingenalo imihlobiso enjalo. Ubuncwane bobutyebi buye buphangwa ngabaphangi bamangcwaba kumaxesha amandulo, ngelixa i-archaeologist ezingenangqiqo kunye nabaphandi beeminyaka ye-19 neye-20 beyishiyile into eyayishiywe kwiinkalo zemizamo yokucubungula.
Okugqithiseleyo, umhloli waseNtaliyane kwaye uxabise umzingeli ogama lakhe linguGiuseppe Ferlini wabangela umonakalo ongenakulinganiswa kwimipiramidi ngowe-1834. Emva kokuva malunga nokugqithwa kwesilivere negolide kusasazi ukuba zifihliwe kwezinye iindawo zamangcwaba, wasebenzisa iziqhuqhuma ukuze ziqhube izikhwebu ezininzi iipiramidi, kunye nokuphakamisa abanye emhlabathini. Ingqiqo, kucingelwa ukuba wayichitha ama-pyramid angaphezu kwama-40, kamva wathengisa iziphumo zakhe kwiimyuziyam eJamani.
Nangona bengenakunyamekela, amaninzi emipiramidi kaMeroe ayimi, nangona ezinye zibonakala zihlaselwa ngenxa yeenzame zikaFerlini.
Abanye baye baphinde bahlaziywa, kwaye banikezela ingqiqo ecacileyo malunga nokuba bekufuneka bajonge njani ngexesha lokuphakama kolawulo lweMeroiti.
Indlela yokufika khona
Nangona i-Meroë Pyramid ingenakukufumana ngokucacileyo kwinqanaba elibethiwe, kunokwenzeka ukuba uwatyelele wena. Abo baneemoto bangakwazi ukuqhuba apho-ukusuka eKhartoum, uhambo luthatha malunga neeyure ezingama-3.5. Abo baxhomekeke kwizothutho zorhulumente banokufumana uhambo olulukhuni ngakumbi, nangona kunjalo. Indlela ethembekileyo yokucwangcisa uhambo kukuthatha ibhasi ukusuka eKhartoum ukuya edolophini elincinane laseSenidi, uze udibanise iteksi kwiimitha ezili-47/30 ukuya eMeroë.
Ngokusemthethweni, iindwendwe kufuneka zifumane imvume yokutyelela iipiramidi, ezinokuthengwa kwiMyuziyam kaZwelonke eKhayrtoum. Nangona kunjalo, iingxelo ze-anecdotal ezivela kwezinye iindwendwe zichaza ukuba iimvume aziqhelwanga, kwaye zingathengwa xa kufika.
Azikho ii-cafés okanye izindlu zangasese, ngoko qi niseka ukuba uzisa ukutya kunye namanzi amaninzi. Ngaphandle koko, abasebenzisi abatyeleli abaninzi benza ubomi bulula ngokunikela ngeendlela ezilungelelanisiweyo ezibandakanya ukutyelela kwiMeroë Pyramids. Iindwendwe ezicetyiswayo ziquka uhambo lweThumo lokuHlola oluMfihliweyo; kunye ne-Corinthian Travel's Meroë & The Pharaohs of Kush tour.
Kuhlala u khu seleko
Ukuhamba kunye nomqhubi wezokhenketho ojongene nokutyelela kwindlela efanelekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lwakho. Ngexesha lokubhala (ngoJanuwari 2018), imeko yezopolitiko eSudan yenza iindawo zelizwe zingakhuselekanga ukuhamba ngezokhenketho. Isebe likarhulumente lase-United States likhuphe isiluleko sohambo lweNqanaba lesi-3 ngenxa yobundlobongela kunye neengxabano zomphakathi, kwaye ikhuthaza ukuba abahambi baphephe ummandla waseDarfur kunye neBlue Nile kunye ne-Southern Kordofan. Nangona i-Meroë Pyramid ihlala kwindawo ekhuselekileyo yoMlambo iNayile, yinto efanelekileyo ukujonga izilumkiso zangaphambili ngaphambi kokuba uhlele uhambo oluya eSudan.
Eli nqaku lihlaziywe kwaye libhalwa ngokubhaliweyo nguJessica Macdonald ngoJanuwari 11, 2018.