Imbali e Little Rock
Khawucinge ukuba ubusuku ngaphambi kosuku lwakho lokuqala lweSikolo esiphakeme. Uzaliswa ngumonwabo, ukwesaba nokuxhatshazwa. Uyazibuza ukuba isikolo siya kuba njani. Ngaba iiklasi ziya kuba nzima? Ngaba abafundi baya kukuthanda? Ngaba ootitshala baya kuba nobungane? Ufuna ukungenelela. Isisu sakho sigcwele iibhotela ezinjengoko uzama ukulala kwaye uzibuze ukuba kusasa ntoni.
Khawucinge nje ukuba ungumfundi omnyama ngo-1957 ulungiselela ukuya esikolweni sase-Little Rock Central High ukuze uzame oko kwakubonakala kungenakwenzeka-ukuhlanganiswa kwezikolo zikarhulumente.
Aba bafundi babeyazi into yokuba abantu bacinga ukuba bangena esikolweni esiphakamileyo. Abazange bakhathazeke ngokungena kuyo. Abamhlophe abamhlophe, kuquka iirhuluneli ngelo xesha, u-Orval Faubus, babemelene nabo. Eninzi inkxalabo kubafundi yinto yokuba abantu abamnyama nabo bacinga ukuba ukudibanisa kweCentral kungabangela ingxaki enkulu kwibala labo kunokuba luhle.
Ngobusuku phambi kweThelma Mothershed, u-Elizabeth Eckford, uMelba Pattillo, uJefferson Thomas, u-Ernest Green, iMinniejean Brown, iCarlotta Wall, uTerrence Roberts kunye noGloria Ray, okanye "i-Little Rock Nine" njengokuba iimbali zibakhumbula, kwakufuneka bangene esikolweni esiphakeme ubusuku obunokuthula bokulala. Kwakubu busuku buzele inzondo. UFaubus wachaza ukuba ukuhlanganiswa kwakungenakwenzeka kwisitatimende esithengiswayo kunye nokuyalela i-Arkansas National Guard ukuba ijikeleze iPhakamileyo ePhakamileyo kwaye igcine bonke abamnyama esikolweni. Baye bagcina loo nto yokuqala kwiklasi.
UDaisy Bates wayala abafundi ukuba bamlinde ngoLwesithathu, ngosuku lwesibini lwesikolo, kwaye baceba bonke abafundi abayisithoba kunye naye ukuba bangene esikolweni kunye. Ngelishwa, u-Elizabeth Eckford, omnye wabasithoba, wayengenayo ifowuni. Akazange amkele umyalezo kwaye uzama ukungena esikolweni yedwa ngokungena kwangaphambili.
Ixhoba elinobukrakra ladibana naye, lisongela ukuba lynch wakhe, njengoko i-Arkansas National Guard yayibukele. Ngethamsanqa, abamhlophe bahamba phambili ukuze bamncede kwaye wasinda ngaphandle kokulimala. Ezinye ezisibhozo nazo zachaswa ukuvunyelwa yi-National Guard abalawulwa yiRhuluneli uFaubus.
Kungekudala emva kwalokhu, NgoSeptemba 20, uMgwebi uRonald N. Davies wanikela i-NAACP ammeli uThugood Marshall noWiley Branton isigwebo esithintela iRubhan Faubus ekusebenziseni i-National Guard ukuba inqabe abafundi abathathu abamnyama abaya kwi-Central High. UFaubus wamemezela ukuba uya kuthobela umyalelo wenkundla kodwa wacebisa ukuba abayisithoba bahlale bekhuselekile. UMongameli u-Eisenhower wathumela i-101 e-Airborne Division kwi-Little Rock ukukhusela abafundi abayisithoba. Umfundi ngamnye wayenogada. Abafundi bangena kwiNtloko ePhakamileyo kwaye bakhuselwa ngandlela-thile, kodwa babeyinkxalabo yentshutshiso. Abafundi bawabetha, bawabetha, bahlambalaza. Oomama abamhlophe babakhupha abantwana babo esikolweni, kwaye nabamnyama bathetha aba basithoba ukuba bayeke. Kutheni bahlala phantsi kweemeko ezinjalo? U-Ernest Green uthi "Thina abantwana besenza oko ngokuyininzi ngenxa yokuba besingazi ngcono, kodwa abazali bethu babezimisele ukubeka imisebenzi yabo, namakhaya abo kumgca."
Enye yamantombazana, iMinniejean Brown, yamiswa ngenxa yokulahla isitya sesiliva entloko yomnye wabatshutshisi bakhe kwaye ayigqiba unyaka wesikolo. Omnye u-8 waphelisa unyaka. U-Ernest Green waphumelela kulo nyaka. Wayengumntu wokuqala omnyama ukuba aphumelele kwi- Central High .
Kwakungekho ukuphela kobundlobongela malunga neyesithoba. UFaubus wasetyenziselwa ukuthintela izikolo zakhe ukuba zihlangane. Ibhodi leSikolo se-Little Rock linikezwe isigwebo sokulibaziseka ukuhlanganiswa kwaze kwaba ngo-1961.
Nangona kunjalo, isigwebo sagqitywa yiNkundla yeeNkundla zeziBheno ze-US kwaye ukuhlanganiswa kwaphakanyiswa yiNkundla ePhakamileyo ngo-1958. UFaubus wayigatya isigwebo eso waza wasebenzisa amandla akhe ukuvala izikolo zikawonke-wonke zase-Little Rock. Ngexesha lokuvala, abafundi abamhlophe beza kwizikolo ezizimeleyo kuloo ndawo kodwa abafundi abamnyama babengenakukhetha kodwa ukulinda.
Abafundi abathathu be-Little Rock Nine basuka. Iintlanu eziseleyo zathatha iikholeji ezivela kwiYunivesithi yase-Arkansas. Xa izenzo zikaFaubus zavakaliswa zingekho mthethweni kwaye izikolo zavulwa kwakhona ngo-1959, ngabafundi ababini abamnyama babelwa kwiCentral-Jefferson Thompson naseCarlotta Walls. Baphumelela ngo-1959.
Aba bafundi abayi-9, nangona bebengakhange bakuqonde oko, benza amagagasi amakhulu kumanyathelo oluntu. Abazange babonise kuphela ukuba abantu abamnyama banokulwa namalungelo abo kunye ne- WIN , bazisa neengcamango zokuhlula kwiingcinga zabantu.
Bawubonise uhlanga ukuba yintoni imilinganiselo eyingozi kunye neyobuhlungu abantu abamhlophe abaza kuthatha ukukhusela ulwahlulo. Ngokuqinisekileyo, iziganeko kwiCentral High ziphefumlelwe ezininzi zokutya kwamasemini zihlala kunye neNkululeko zoLuntu kunye nabamnyama abaphefumlelweyo ukuba bathathe igalelo lamalungelo oluntu. Ukuba aba bantwana abasithoba banokuthatha umsebenzi omkhulu, banako.
Sifanele sizukise isibindi sabafundi abathandathu kunye nokukholelwa kuba ngaba, kunye nabantu abathanda zona, abaye bafaka indlela esiphila ngayo namhlanje. Abantu, abahlala ngoku, babelana ngeminqweno yabo kunye nesibindi esiza kubumba indlela esiphila ngayo kwixesha elizayo. Ewe, sifike indlela ende ukusuka kwi-Central Central ngo-1957 kodwa sisenendlela ende yokuhamba.