Iminyaka engama-800 yeFrench Royal History kwiNqaba eNkulu
I-castle enkulu ye-Fontainebleau ibone iikhosi ezisibhozo zolawulo lwekhosi. Eyasungulwa ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-12 leminyaka, eyenziwe ngobukhulu kwi-15 neye-16 leminyaka nguFrançois I, kwaye uyathandwa nguNapoleon Bonaparte, esi sakhiwo esihle kakhulu sisentliziyweni yembali yesiFrentshi.
Ukubeka ihlathi
Ihlathi laseFistainebleau lalingummandla osondeleyo wokuzingela eParis ukuya kwiiNtloko zaseFransi kunye neenkundla zabo.
Ngowe-1137 kwakhiwa ukugcina okukhulu kwaye emva kwamashumi ambalwa eminyaka, uMbhishobhi omkhulu weNgesi uTomot kuBakket, ekuthinjweni kwiKumkani yaseNgesi, wancenga indlu.
I-Fontainebleau iba yindlu yeRoyal Palace
Kwaye kwada kwada kwexesha le-15 leminyaka i-Fontainebleau yaba yindawo yokuhlala yobukhosi. UFrançois I (1494-1547) waqalisa inkqubo, esebenzisa abaculi baseItali ukuguqula loo ndawo ukusuka ekuzingeleni ukuya kwindawo yokunethezeka apho iindawo ezinzima zaseYurophu ezifana neCharles V, uMlawuli oyiNgcwele oyiRoma, zamkelwa. I-Fontainebleau yaba yintliziyo yobomi baseFransi, indawo yokuzalwa kunye nokufa kookumkani baseFransi, ngenxa yokuqhawula amaqhinga okwenza imitshato enomdla, ngokucwangcisa iimfazwe kunye noxolo.
I-Fontainebleau yakhula ngeenkulungwane kangangokuba izindlu zombuso zongezwa, imigodi yasuswa, kunye nezitiya ezityalwa. Xa uNapoleon Bonaparte wasungula ubukumkani bakhe, wakhetha i-Fontainebleau njengendawo yokuhlala ayithandayo, ebiza ngokuthi 'ikhaya lokwenene likaKumkani' kunye 'neendlu zeenkulungwane'.
Wabuye wahlaziya amajelo aseburhulumenteni kwaye wahlala apho ngemihla yokugqibela yokubusa kwakhe ngaphambi kokuba athethelele ngo-Ephreli 6 th , 1814. Okukubonayo namhlanje kunjengoba washiya i-château.
Amaphukula ephambili ekutyelelwe kwi-Fontainebleau Château
Kukho into enokuyibona kwi-château enamagumbi angama-1500 kwaye inikezela ngembali yezakhiwo zaseFransi ukususela nge-12 ukuya kweye-19 leminyaka.
Nazi iziqulatho omele uzibonise, uqale ngezitebhisi eziqhelekileyo zamahashe ezizimeleyo zangaphandle.
I-Grand's and Small Small Apartments
Kwi-1st floor, izindlu zasebukhosini zidlula njengamagumbi axhunyiwe, ahlukaniswe kwiindawo zikaKumkani nakwiiNdlovukazi. Amagumbi avulekileyo, agcwele ifenitshala enkulu, i-tapestries ukugcina ubanda phakathi nexesha lokuzingela ubusika, imisebenzi yobungcali kunye nemibhedlele yelizwe.
UFrançois Ndiyindoda enkulu kule makamelo amnandi, ukwakha igalari ekuqaleni kwakujoliswe ekusebenziseni ngasese kwaye kungena kuphela ngundoqo okwenziwe yikosikazi entanyeni yakhe. Iifrescoes ezipende, ezivela ngo-1536 ukuya phambili, zimboze iindonga. Umnyango olandelayo igumbi lekosikazi yakhe, uDuchess d'Etampes, ehlotshiswe ngokufanelekileyo ngemifanekiso yeAlexander Greater's aborous exploits. Igumbi lebhola lizalisa amagumbi azukileyo, kwakhona ahlanganiswe kwiifrescoes kwaye enze ikamelo elimangalisayo leebhola eziye zamangalisa iziindwendwe zasebukhosini.
I- Petits Apartments phantsi komgangatho wesezantsi ziqhelana kakhulu, zakhiwe nguLouis XV njengeofisi ezisetyenziswe nguNapoleon noJosephine.
Marie-Antoinette's Boudoirs
ULouis XVI wakha amagumbi akhethekileyo athabatha umfazi wakhe u-Marie-Antoinette njengesipho. I-boudoir kwisitelo sokuqala ayinangqungquthela, ihlotswe ngesiTurkey isitayela esasiyinto efanelekileyo yokuhlobisa.
IziTurbhi, iziqhumiso eziqhumiselayo, iintambo zeeparele kunye neenyanga zenyanga zizalisa igumbi. Ngaphantsi kweyure yokulala yesilivere, egcwala ngeempahla ezili-18 zefenitshala ezifakwe nge-mother-of-pearl.
UMadame de Maintenon , wesibini u-Louis XIV, umfazi oyimfihlo, naye wayenendlu yakhe, ehlotshiswe ngefenitshala ye-17 neye-18 yenkulungwane.
Ipapal Apartment
Emva kweendawo zokuhlala, iPapa yayibaluleke kakhulu. Yadalwa ngo-1804 kuPius VII oye watyelela loo nyaka kwaye kamva ngo-1812. I-decor is ingxube ephawulekayo yefenitshala ye-19 ye-fury, ekhethwe nguNapoleon III no-Eugénie.
Iindwendwe zeNdwendwe zikaNapoleon III
U-Napoleon III no-Eugénie balethe yonke imfashini yamuva, isitayela kunye no-19 th- induduzo enkulu kuFistainebleau xa beyakha amafulethi kwiindwendwe ezininzi kunye nabaxhasi abathintekayo apha.
Amagumbi akhanya ngaphezu kweyonke i-château, kunye nephepha lodonga oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye netelinen yelinen kunye nayo yonke intengiso. I-Fontainbleau yindawo yokuhlala enkulu kakhulu kunabo bonke abathandayo, iibhotwe ezincinane kwiCompiegne.
Imifanekiso yeNkundla
Abathengisi abasoloko bejikeleze ikosikazi baqokelelwe emagumbini amathathu, bahlaziya amagumbi amade kwaye bawazisa imithi, imifanekiso kunye neettoti. Omkhulu kunazo zonke nguFrançois I Igalari , eyakhiwe kuma-1520s kunye nomzekelo weemifanekiso zemiva elandelayo njenge-Apollo Gallery eLouvre (emva kwe-1661) kunye neHolo lezibuko eVersailles (emva kwe-1678). Ebusuku, iindwendwe zazivakaliswa kwiholo le-Napoleon III, yavuleka ngo-1857 kwaye yaphefumlelwa yi-Opéra Royal yaseVersailles, evelele.
IiMyuziyamu
Ngowe-1863 i-Empress Eugénie yakha iMyuziyam yaseTshayina ukuba iqokelele iqoqo lakhe elimangalisayo elivela kwiMpuma Ekude, eliqokelelwe kwimisebenzi elaphangwa ngexesha le-Revolution, emva koko emva kokutshitshiswa kwinqaba yasehlotyeni eBeijing yimikhosi yaseFransi neBrithani ngo-1860.
Kukho ezinye iimyuziyamu ezi-3, ezakhiwe kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo. I-Napoleon I Iimyuziyam zinezakhiwo zobugcisa, ifenitshala, iingubo kunye nezinye kwixesha likaBonaparte, phakathi kuka-1804 no-1815.
Igalari yePaintra yenziwa ngo-1998 kwimifanekiso yezoyile eyayithathwe kwiindawo ezizimeleyo, kunye nemisebenzi engakumbi evela kwiLouvre.
Abalandeli beefenitshala kufuneka batyelele igalari yakutshanje, igalari yeeFowuni , ezinikwe kwifenitshala ye-18 neye-19 ye-century, ubugcisa kunye nempahla.
IiNkundla kunye neeGadi
Iingqungqelo zengxande ezine zamagceke eziphambili, ezinye zangaphakathi, ezinye zikhangele phezulu emanzini kunye namachibi.
Kukho iindidi ezibalaseleyo. I-Grand Parterre yintsimi enkulu kunazo zonke eYurophu, eyenziwe ngumyezo wegadi owaziwayo uAndre Le Nôtre noLouis Le Vau ngoLouis XIV. Kukho iimpawu zamanzi kunye neesithowusini ezixhamlayo, igadi zityalo kunye nenqanawa.
IJardin English (IJardin Garden) inikeza indawo yokuthula, ukukhupha iipaki ezihambayo zasekhaya zesiNgesi. Izele imithi engaqhelekanga kunye nemifanekiso kwaye inomlambo ohamba phakathi. Umyezo kaDiana waba ngumyezo wangasese wenkosikazi. Namhlanje ngumyezo osemthethweni onomthombo okhishwe ngesimo sikaDiana, uThixokazi kaHizing.
I-Park inika i-vista emangalisayo kwi-terrace, enqabileyo phantsi kwe-17 th- canal elinezihlahla ezivuthiwe.
Fontainebleau Château
Fontainebleau
Seine-et-Marne
Inombolo: 00 33 (0) 1 60 71 50 70
Iwebhusayithi
I-Château ivuliwe ngoLwesithathu ngoMvulo Okto-Mar 9.30-5pm; Apr-Sep Sep 9.30am-6pm
Valiwe ngoJan 1, ngoMeyi 1, Disemba 25
Inkundla kunye neeGadi zivulekileyo imihla ngemihla uNom-Feb 9: 00-5-5pm, uMar, uMatshi, no-Oktobha 9 ekuseni ukuya kuMgqibelo, ngoMeyi-Septemba 9 ukuya ku-7pm.
Ukwamkelwa Klikha apha kwixabiso lokungeniswa
Indlela yokufikelela kwi-Fontainebleau
I-Fontainebleau iphakathi kwinqaba elihle kakhulu laseFistainebleau, ngasempuma ngasempumalanga yeParis.
Ngemoto: Thatha i-A6 eParis (Porte d'Orléans okanye i-Porte d'Italie), ngoko uthabathe u-Fontainebleau. Landela iimpawu zeFainineblebleau, uze ulandele impawu "château".
Ngesitimela: Ukusuka eParis Gare deLyon (umgca ophezulu), thabatha isitimela seMontargis Sens, eMontereau okanye eLaroche-Migennes. Hamba kwisikhululo se-Fontainebleau-Avon, uze uthathe i-'Ligne 1 'yebhasi eya eLes Lilas, uhambe e-'Câteau'.
Paris / Vaux-le-vicomte / i-Fontainebleau Shuttle Service
I-Parivision iqhuba isevisi yokuhamba ngokukhawuleza phakathi kwePisineinebleau neParis, isuka kwi-214 rue de Rivoli.
Inombolo: 00 33 (0) 1 42 60 30 01
Iwebhusayithi
Ezimbini iiCateaux Ngenye imini
I-Fontainebleau isondele kakhulu kwiVaux-le-Vicomte . Unokwenza kokubili ngokukhululekile ngenye imini. Bhala ityelelo apha.