Uluhlu oluPhezulu oluPhezulu lweeNyoka eziMngcipheko zeAfrika

Izwekazi laseAfrika likhaya kwiintlobo ezininzi zeentlobo zeenyoka, ezinye zazo ziphakathi kweyona nto iyingozi kakhulu kwihlabathi. Ezi zivela kwiintlobo eziqhelekileyo ezinjenge-mamba emnyama, kwiinkwenkwezi ezincinci ezinjengeenkwenkwezi zaseMntla Afrika. Kule nqaku, sibona ezimbalwa zeentlobo zeentlanzi zeAfrika, phambi kokuhlola iintlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zentshebe yenyoka kunye neendlela ezizodwa ezichaphazela umzimba womntu.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nangona inyoka kufuneka ziphathwe ngenhlonipho, ininzi yeentlobo zeenyoka ayiyiyo inambuzane. Nabo abo baya kuzama ukuphepha ukudibanisa nabantu kunokujongana nomngcipheko. Zonke iintlobo zeenyoka zibalulekile ekulinganisweni kwezinto eziphilayo ze-Afrika, ezizalise indima ebalulekileyo njengezilwanyana eziphambili. Ngaphandle kwabo, abantu beentonga ziya kuphuma ngaphandle kokulawula. Esikhundleni sokwesaba, sifanele sizame ukuyiqonda nokuyigcina.

• 01 ngo-10

  Black Mamba

  Nangona i-mamba emnyama (i- Dendroaspis polylepis ) ayiyona inyoka ye-nyoka yaseAfrika eyona nto iyingozi kakhulu, kodwa yinkalo enkulu. Kukho izizathu ezininzi zezi zinto - kubandakanywa ubunzima balo xa bebukhali kunye nobukhulu bayo obukhulu. Yona inkulu kakhulu yeentlobo zeenyoka zelizwekazi elibuhlungu, elinomlinganiselo obanzi malunga no-8.2 inyawo / 2.5 metres. Iimambambane ezimnyama zihamba ngokukhawuleza kuzo zonke iinyoka zaseAfrika, kwaye zidla ngokuphindaphinda ngaphezulu. Ingqumbo yabo iqukethe i-neurotoxins kunye ne-cardiotoxines, kwaye ingabangela ukuba umntu awele phantsi emva kwemizuzu engama-45. Ngaphandle kokunyangwa kwe-anti-venom, kukho phantse i-100% ukuba ixhoba liya kufa, ngokuqhelekileyo kwiiyure ezisixhenxe ukuya kwezi-15. Ngaphandle kwegama labo, i-mambas emnyama ayimnyama kodwa ibomvu okanye isikhumba somnquma. Zifumaneka kwiindawo ezininzi zokuhlala kwi-Afrika engaphantsi kwe-Sahara kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo zichithe ixesha labo emhlabeni ngaphandle kwemithi.

• 02 ngo 10

  I-Puff Adder

  I-additi ye-puff (i- Bitis arietans ) ithathwa njengeyona nyoka efa kakhulu eAfrika kuba iyona nto ibangela ukufa kwabantu abaninzi. Oku kubangelwe kwiimeko ezahlukeneyo, kubandakanywa ukusasazwa kwenyoka, ububanzi bayo kwiindawo ezixhamliweyo kunye nobunzima. Abongezeleli be-Puff bafikelela ubude obuphakathi kwee-3.3 iinyawo / 1.0 zeemitha kwaye banokwakha okuqinileyo okugxininiswe ngobuninzi obuninzi kunye ne-snout. Zifumaneka kulo lonke elase-Afrika ephantsi kwe-Sahara, kwaye iipateni zazo zemibala ziyahluka kuye kuxhomekeka apho zihlala khona. Abaxhamli baxhomekeke kwi-camfifi yabo ekhuselekileyo yokukhusela kwaye bahlala bekhona kunokuba babalekele ingozi. Ngenxa yoko, abantu badla ngokulunywa emva kokungena ngengozi. Kuzo zonke iintlobo zeentlobo, isifo somnyazi wesifo sinobuhlungu phakathi kweyona nto inobungozi, nangona kunjalo ukufa kwabantu kubakho ngenxa yokuphathwa kakubi. Ngaphandle kweimeko ezingaphendulwanga, izinga lokufa lingaba liphantsi kwe-15%.

• 03 ngo 10

  Boomslang

  Ukukhawulelwa kwi-Afrika engaphantsi kwe-Sahara, i-boomslang (i- Dispholidus typus ) iyaziwa njengenye yeenyoka ezibuhlungu kakhulu kwilizwekazikazi. Ingqumbo yayo i-haemotoxic, oku kuthetha ukuba inokukhubaza indlela yomzimba ye-clotting-blood clotting kunye neyokudala ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphandle nokungalawulekiyo. Ubume busebenza ngokukhawuleza, kunye neempawu ezithatha iiyure eziliqela ukuzibonisa. Ngenxa yoko, ngamanye amaxesha amaxhoba asenokucinga ukuba abayidingi unyango, olunokunyusa ukonakala komonakalo wokugqibela. Nangona kungenangqondo yokuluma kwe-boomslang, ukubulawa kwabantu akuyinto inqabile. Oku kungenxa yokuba i-boomslang isesidenge, kwaye isabela kubantu kunokubahlasela. Ziyizinyoka zokuhlala komthi (igama labo lithetha "inyoka yomthi" ngesiBhulu). Umbala uhluka, kodwa iindoda ngokuqhelekileyo ziluhlaza obumnyama ngamanqanaba omnyama okanye okwesibhakabhaka, ngelixa iibhinqa zihlala zibomvu. I-Boomslangs inamehlo amakhulu kwaye ifikelela ubude obude malunga no-5.2 inyawo / 1.6 metres.

• 04 we-10

  Gaboon Viper

  Inyoka ye-Gaboon (i- Bitis gabonica ) inamaphiko amade kakhulu kunayo nayiphi na inyoka enesifo, ifikelela kwi-inch 2 cm / 5 centimeters ubude. Kwakhona inyoka inomvuzo ongcono kakhulu, kunye nenyoka enkulu kunazo zonke kwintsapho yenyoka. Iimvumba ze-Gaboon eziqhelekileyo zilinganisela malunga neenyawo ezili-5 / 1.5 ubude ubude, kwaye zi nobunzima obungama-25 lbs / 11.3 kg. Zineenkalo ezinkulu, ezinobunxantathu, kwaye zitholakala kwiindawo ezihlambulukileyo kwi-West, Central kunye neendawo zaseMpuma Afrika . Iimbombo ze-Gaboon zivakala kakhulu ebusuku , kwaye zisetyenziselwa iindlela zokulwela ukuzingela amaxhoba abo. Ziyakwazi ukuhambisa umthamo omkhulu weentlungu, nangona isifo ngokwaso asiyona inetyhefu xa kuthelekiswa nezinye zeentlobo zeenyoka eziyingozi. Ukuluma enye kungabhubhisa, nangona kunjalo, kunye ne-anti-venom kufuneka ilawulwe ngokukhawuleza. Iimbombo ze-Gaboon zilukhuni, izinyoka ezihamba ngokukhawuleza ezingalindelekanga ngaphandle kokuba zishukunyiswe okanye ziqhube.

• 05 we-10

  Cobra yaseYiputa

  I-cobra yaseYiputa ( iNaja haje ) yenye yezilwanyana ezinkulu ze-cobra zaseAfrika, zifikelela ubude bee-6,5 inyawo / 2 imitha. Itholakala kuwo wonke amaninzi eMntla Afrika ngaphaya kweSahara, nakwiindawo zaseNtshona naseMpuma Afrika. Umbala unokwahluka kakhulu, ukususela ebomvu ukuya kubomvu obomvu ukuya kumnyama omnyama. I-cobra yaseYiputa isineengqungquthela ezikhoyo emva kwamehlo ayo ezivelisa i-venetytoxic venom ebulalayo ekhupha ngayo iimbombo zayo ezinkulu. Ubunzima buyichaphazela inkqubo yesifo, ekugqibeleni kubangela ukufa ngenxa yokuhluleka ukuphefumula. Ama-cobra aseYiputa ayenziwayo ngaphandle kokuba azive esengozini, apho apho baya kuthatha i-posture ephilileyo kwaye basasaze i-hood cobra yabo njengesilumkiso ngaphambi kokubetha. Ngokungafani nezinye iintlobo ze-cobra zaseAfrika, i-cobra yaseYiputa ayifuni indawo yokutya. Kucatshangelwa ukuba u-Queen asp Cleopatra obesetyenziselwa ukuzibulala kwakuya kuba yinto engummangaliso waseGibhithe.

• 06 ngo 10

  I-West African Carpet Viper

  Eyaziwa nangokuthi njenge- echis ocellatus (i- Echis ocellatus ), iNyoka yaseMntla yaseAfrika ibheleleke kumazwe aseNtshona-Afrika . Okumangalisayo ngenyoka inomncinci othe wancinci, yinto (kunye ne-adder's puff) edlalwa ngokubhekiselele njengobunobuninzi benani eliphezulu lokufa kwe-snakebite e-Afrika. Inyoka ye-West African carpet iyinyoka encinci, enomyinge ubude obungama-intshi ama-20/50 cm. Ziqhelekileyo zibe zibomvu ezimthubi, zibala kunye neendawo ezinjengezilwanyana ezinjengebude bemigangatho yazo. Ezi ndawo zenzelwe ukudibanisa izilwanyana ezinokubakho. Njenge-boomslang, ubuhlungu babo buyi-haemotoxic, obangela ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphakathi kunye nokuwa kwe-system circulatory ngezinye iintsuku emva kokuluma kwenzeka. Inyoka ye-West Africa iphepheni inobungozi obunzima, obandakanya ukuxubha iikhoyili zayo ndawonye ukudala isandi esikhulu somsindo.

• 07 ngo 10

  ECape Cobra

  I-cobra yaseKapa ( Naja nivea ) ifunyenwe kwi -Afrika ye-Afrika , ikhetha indawo ezomileyo kuquka iinkalo zentlango nezomileyo. Ziye zisezingeni elincinane, zikhula zibe zii-5 ezinyawo / 1.5 iimitha ubude. Nangona zibizwa ngokuba yi-cobra ephuzi, i-cobra yaseKapa ingaza kwimimbala eyahlukileyo, kuquka igolide, imdaka kwaye imnyama. Yintlobo yesifo esichazayo, esithetha ukuba idla ngokusebenza emini, kwaye idla kwiintlobo ezininzi zezilwanyana ezivela kwiindundane ukuya ezihlambulukileyo ukuya kwezinye iinyoka. Ngokukodwa, bayaziwa ngokuba bahlasele iinqaba zeentaka ze-weaver . Ukubetha ngokukhawuleza xa kusongelwa, kwaye kuyingozi kakhulu ngenxa yokuthambekela kwayo yokungena kwabantu. Nangona izinga lokufa lokungahambi kakubi lingaqinisekanga, kucingelwa ukuba liphezulu kunye nokufa okuphakathi kweeyure ezili-10 emva kwexesha ngenxa yesiphumo sokuphefumula.

• 08 ngo 10

  Eastern Green Mamba

  I-mamba ye-green mamba (i- Dendroaspis angusticeps ) iyinyoka enesifo ehambelana nomdaka omnyama onobungozi. Itholakala ngokuyininzi kumanxweme asekunxwemeni nakumaMpuma Afrika, kwaye ichitha ubuninzi bayo ubomi kwimithi. Inyoka enkulu, ejikeleze i-6,5 inyawo / 2 imitha ubude. Njengoko igama layo libonisa, i-mambas eluhlaza empuma yimibala enombala obomvu, nangona ama-juveniles aqhelekileyo ahlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Ziye zaxhamla ngokugqithiseleyo kwaye nangona zikhuthele ngexesha lemini, azifaneki zibonwe. Banobunzima obunomdla kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo baphephe abantu, ngokuqhelekileyo bebetha nje kuphela xa bexhatshazwa. AmaMambas aseMpuma aluhlaza akwazi ukuhambisa amabala amaninzi, ukujova ininzi yeentlungu. Ukuba angaphathiswa, amazinga okufa aphezulu. Iimpawu zibandakanya ukuvuvukala, ukungcola, ukuncwina, ekugqibeleni, ukufa ngenxa yesifo sokukhubazeka.

• 09 we-10

  Yazi Inyoka Yakho Inyoka

  Akunjalo yonke inyoka enyoka, kwaye uhlobo ngalunye lusebenza ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, inyoka yenyoka iqokelelwe kwiindidi ezine ezilandelayo:

  • Inambuzane e-neurotoxic : ihlasela inkqubo ye-nervous central, echaphazela ukunyakaza, ukuphefumla, ukugwinya, ukuthetha nokubona.
  • Inyosi yeHemotoxic : ithintela amandla omzimba wokugcoba, okukhokelela ekulahlekelweni kwegazi okubangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi langaphandle nangaphandle.
  • Inyosi ye-cytotoxic : ihlasele iiseli zomzimba okanye izicubu, ezibangela iintlungu ezibuhlungu, ukuvuvukala ngokweqile kunye nezimpawu zokuphazamiseka.
  • I-Myotoxic venom : ibangela imisipha ye-necrosis, ekugqibeleni ibangele ukufa ngenxa yezintso kunye nokuhluleka kwentliziyo.

• 10 kwi-10

  Ukuhlala kunye neenyoka

  Nangona olu luhlu olwesabisayo lwemiphumo emibi, kulungele ukukhumbuza ukuba i-anti-venom iyafumaneka kwiintlobo ezibhalwe ngasentla. Ungavumeli ukuba ukwesaba iinyoka kukumise ekuhloleni iindawo zeentlango zaseAfrika ezinomphefumlo. Ngokunyamekela kunye nenqanaba elincinci lentlonipho, akukho nto inokuthintela abantu kunye nenyoka ekusebenzisaneni ngokuvisisanayo.

  Ukuba unesihlwele ngokwaneleyo ukuba utyumle, zama ukukhumbula iimpawu ezisisiseko zeenyoka ukuze uncede abasebenzi basebhedlele ukuba bachonge. Ngale ndlela, baya kuba nako ukunikwa unyango oluchanekileyo ngokukhawuleza. Nangona uvakalelwa kakuhle, qi niseka ukuba ufune unyango lwezonyango ngokukhawuleza. Ezinye iimpawu zingathatha iiyure ukubonakalisa, ngelixesha lingaba lixesha elide ukufumana uncedo.

  Ukuhlaziywa nguJessica Macdonald