Ukukhangela iBomber B-25 ephahliwe ngo-1956 ngoMon
NgoJanuwari 31, 1956, i-Mitchell B-25 ibhomu, ngokusuka e-Nellis Air Force Base e-Nevada ukuya e-Olmstead Air Force Base eHarrisburg, yahlaselwa kuMlambo waseMonghelahela (obizwa ngokuba yi "Mon"), ngaphandle kwePittsburgh . Abasebenzi abathandathu babesinda ekuqhubheni, kodwa ezimbini zaza kuthiwa ngamanzi amnyama eMlambo.
Yintoni eyenzeka kwiiveki ezimbini ezizayo zanikela enye yeemfihlakalo ezingapheliyo zasePittsburgh.
Yintoni eyenziwe kwiB-25 ibhomu?
Iingcamango malunga Nokuba kwenzeka ntoni kwiB-25 Ibomber
Kwiiveki ezimbini emva kokuphazamiseka, ukukhangela kwendiza yaqhutyelwa, kodwa akukho mkhondo weB-25 efunyenwe. Iingcamango malunga nokunyamalala kwendiza zininzi kwaye zixutyushwa nakwii-Pittsburgh.
Abanye bacinga ukuba indiza yayithwele imfihlakalo eyimfihlo yezixhobo zenukliya, i-nerf yegrafu, imali ye-Mafia, okanye i-Howard Hughes. Iingxelo zokuzibonela ngesohlwayo. Elinye ibali lathi, "Amakhulu amajoni ahla waya kwindawo yokuqhuma kwaye avala umlambo. + Awalinda iibhanki zomlambo ngoxa i-barges ingena kwaye yatsala ibhomu. kwelinye lezityalo zensimbi zendawo kwaye zanyuka. " Utshintsho kula mabali lubandakanya indiza ehlanjululwe ngaselunxwemeni kunye neloliwe, ezisongelo kubabufakazi bokuzibonela ngaselunxwemeni, kwanebali yendoda 'eyimfihlakalo' eyadlulelwa emfuleni.
Ibali lihle kakhulu ukuba inkampani yokuvelisa ifilimu icingisisa ngokwenza ibhayisikobho malunga neNfihlakalo yeMitchell Ghost Bomber.
Imfihlakalo ye-B-25 ikhuthaze iminyaka engaphezu kwama-50. Yonke into emibini okanye emithathu, inqaku elikuyo kumaphephandaba asekuhlaleni ngokuphathelele ukuphazamiseka, kunye namaNgqina amasha aphuma kunye "nebali langempela."
Uphando luqhubeka noB-25 Ibomber
Uphando luyaqhubeka, luqhutywe ngumbutho obizwa ngokuba yiB-25 Recovery Group eyenziwe ngumxube we-eclectic wabantu abanomdla wecala, ukuhamba ngeenqanawa, amanzi, iPittsburgh, kwaye ke, imfihlelo emdala.
UJohn Uldrich, uprofesa wentengiso kunye nolawulo, njengamanje efundisa eChina, ulawula iqela. Unemvelaphi yobuchwepheshe be-sonar, uye wathatha inxaxheba kwimigudu yokukhangela kunye nokubuyiselwa emhlabeni wonke, kwaye uchithe ixesha elide ePittsburgh.
UBob Shema, umthonyama wasePittsburgh kunye noMlawuli woPhuhliso lweqela, ubuchwephesha bekhwalithi yamanzi. Uzisa ukuqonda ngokujulileyo kuMlambo waseMon kunye namava kunye nekhono lobuchwepheshe bokuskena kwiqela. USteves Byers ungumnikazi wekhomputha yenkampani yaseSennex eSouth Hills, kwaye uMat Punak ungumcebisi waseVirginia. UMat, uSteve, noYohane nabo bonke abaqhubi beemoto.
Iqela liqalise uphando olunzulu nolwazi lwezesayensi malunga ne-B-25 ngo-1995. Bakhawuleza baqokelela kunye neengxelo zokuzibonela ebusweni bobusuku bokuhlaselwa kunye neeveki ezilandelayo, bechithe amawaka amaxesha adlulisa ngamaxwebhu avela kurhulumente kunye nemithombo yoluntu, kwaye Udliwano-ndlebe kwiingcali zonke ezintweni ezisuka kumgangatho wamanzi eMon, ukuya emlanjeni, ukuya kukwakhiwa nokwakhiwa kwe-Mitchell B-25 ibhomu.
Baye baqhuba uhlalutyo lokuhlawulela ngokusebenzisa imodeli eMfuleni iMon ukulinganisa apho umlambo usenokuba uthathe indiza.
Isiphumo saloo uphando? UBob Shema, uMlawuli weeMisebenzi, uqinisekile ukuba bafumene indawo yokuphumla yendiza. Uthi: "Sinethemba lokuba siya kukwazi ukuyicombulula le mfihlelo," ushilo. Nangona kunjalo, indiza yayingazange ifumaneke ngokuwa kwe-2016.
Umoya Womoya Ungaphila?
UShema ukholelwa ukuba indiza ihleli phantsi kweemitha ezi-10 ukuya kwe-15 ze-silt kumanqina angama-32 ngaphandle kweeNyoni eziLwandle. Iintaka ezihambayo zivela kwi-kilongwe yaseJ & L yensimbi yentshona ecaleni lasentshonalanga yeBlenwood kwibharki 4.9. Kwakuyinto yecala lokungena kwii-barges.
Xa ebuzwa ukuba uqinisekile kangakanani kule ndawo, uShema wadibanisa ubungqina obuthile ababebuthele kule minyaka emihlanu edluleyo.
"Kwakukho amakhulu amangqina angama-iso," utshilo uShema. Inqwelo yehla yaya empumalanga yeGlenwood Bridge (phambi kweHomestead High-level Bridge) ehamba emfuleni. USema uyaqhubeka ukuchaza ukuba umlambo wawuqhuba ngokukhawuleza ngaloo mini. Abahlanu abathandathu abasebenza ngokunyuka bephakama ngamaphiko eenqwelo-moya njengoko bejikeleza ngaphantsi. Kungekudala emva koko, indiza yazama. Abasebenzi abane basindiswa, kwaye imizimba emibini yafunyanwa ngaphantsi, yawa.
I-Army Corps yeenjiniya kunye noLondolozo lwaseNxweme ludonsa umlambo ngokuphindaphindiweyo emva kokuphazamiseka. U-Shema uthe iingxelo zengozi zathi iCorps yayibambelela into ababekholelwa ukuba yiphiko lendiza. Kwinkqubo yokuyifaka emanzini, nangona kunjalo, ihange lasele, kwaye idiza yabuyela emanzini. Emva koko, bazama into ethile, kodwa xa bezama ukuyibeka phezulu, i-2 "ikhebula elixubileyo linyuka." U-Shema wathi kukho iifoto zolu msebenzi, kwaye iifoto zibonisa iintambo eziphezulu zengxubevange kunye nezixhobo eziselunxwemeni, apho namhlanje. "Siyazi ngokucacileyo apho idiza iphelile khona," u-Shema uthe.
Ukholelwa ukuba inqwelo yayiye yahluthwa okokuqala xa bezama ukuyikhupha, kodwa emva kokuba ihambe, yawela emgodini ovulekileyo kwi-Birds Landing. Ezi zihlandlo zibini ezilandelayo, xa iintambo zihlwitha, uShema ucinga ukuba baqhayisa enye into. Iintaka ezihambayo zihlala kwikhaya elidala elisezantsi lekhonkrity breaker. U-Shema uthi: "I-2 ye" cable cable "inqwenela idinga iiplani ezingama-31,000 zamandla." U-B-25 ulinganisa isiqingatha. Enye yezinto ezimbalwa emlanjeni onokukwenza oko yileli qhekeza elidala le-ice cream. "
Udliwano-ndlebe namaNgqina
Kwakhona, ukuba inqwelo yendiza yayiye yahluthwa, ilayishwe kwiimoto zendlela zomzila okanye izithuthi, kwaye zakhupha umlambo, kwafuneka kubekho ubungqina obubonela. UShem uchithe iminyaka engama-30 esebenza kwimifula kwaye uthethe nabantu abangamakhulu abantu ababesemlambo ngalobo busuku. UShama uthe: "Akunabikho bobufakazi bokuzibonela."
Wachaza ibali lenkwenkwezi-intathendlebe abaye bathetha ukuba wayebukele abahlukahlukeneyo kwi-barge, kwiimpahla ezimnyama kunye neminyango, bavala zonke izibane zabo baze bangene emanzini. Ukubala kwe-Shema ngokuthi, "Ukushisa kwamanzi kwakungama-degrees angama-34. Umlambo wawugeleza ama-5-7 amaqhina. Into yokugqibela i-diver away would have under these conditions would be flippers. Uxolo, oku akukho ubungqina obuqinisekileyo. "
Omnye umntu abathetha naye ngumfazi owavuma ukuba umyeni wakhe wayengumntu okhutshulwayo osusa 'umzimba we sixhenxe.' Wachaza ukuba le yeso sizathu sokuba angabuyi ekhaya ngaloo busuku.
Emva kokuchitha iiyure eziliqela ukuhamba kwamaxwebhu, udliwano-ndlebe kunye nabangqina bokuzibonela, kunye nokuqhuba uhlalutyo lokuhamba ngeemodeli ukulinganisa indlela indiza eya kuhamba ngayo ngaphantsi, uShema uyaqiniseka ukuba indiza isele emlanjeni.
Sonar Imephu yeMon
Ngowe-1995, iqela libalazwe kwibhankini yoMlambo waseMon kufuphi neenqanawa zokuhamba ngokusebenzisa i-imagery sonar imaging. Oku kuqinisekisile indawo yomjelo we-gravel, umgodi ojulile owenziwe kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo 'ngeengcambu zeengcingo' ezazityhalela umlambo ongasentla. Kwakhona bafumana ibheji elincinciweyo. Kukhona omnye umfanekiso omnyama okholelwa ukuba iqela lokungcwaba le-B-25.
Ukuqinisekisa indawo yendiza, iqela lifuna ukusebenzisa i-magnetometer ye-metal. Esi sixhobo esingekho esichengileyo esingasifumana isinyithi esingaphantsi komhlaba kunye ne-silt yoMlambo iMon. "Le fowuni kufuneka inikeze umfanekiso wento phantsi kwe-Bird's Landing," kusho uShem. Emva kokuba beqinisekisa indawo, baya kuthatha amasampuli ukusuka kumlambo ophantsi kwaye bahlalutye ukuqinisekisa ukuba nayiphi isinyithi efunyenweyo ifana neleyo esetyenziselwa ukwakhiwa kweebhomu zeMitchell. Iindleko zokuqeshisa izixhobo kunye nomgudu wokuxhasa ukuyisebenzisa kuya kufuna malunga nama-25,000.
UShem uqinisekile ukuba uya kufumana iinqwelo zeenqwelo, kodwa ingcamango yombono we-Pittsburgh wesibhakabhaka ovela eMon ungathandabuzekiyo. "Silindele ukufumana iiblokhi zeenjini, ukuhamba kweempahla kunye namathayi - zonke zenziwe zibe yi-bulletproof ... kodwa zonke ezinye zeenqwelo-moya." U-Shema wathi kwakhona umgangatho wamanzi eMlambo waseMon kuma-1950 wawuthathaka, ngokufanelekileyo. Ukulindela ubomi kweso nasiphi na isinyithi kumanzi angcolileyo kuMon kwakuyi-1/3 ukuya ku-½ ye-Allegheny. "Awukwazi ukugcina i-motorboard yangaphakathi emanzini unyaka wonke - i-propeller iya kuchithwa ngaphandle kwexesha." Zonke i-aluminium [yendiza] kulindeleke ukuba ihambe, ngaphandle kokuba yintoni ehlangene nayo, " UShema uthe. Iidlovu ezine zenziwe eMon ukuya kutsho, kodwa bonke abafumene bekungumthi. "Awufumani insimbi kuMon," kusho uShem.
Ukukhangela iMbali
Iqela le-Recovery Group le-B lisebenza kunye ne-Historical Society yaseNtshona Pennsylvania (HSWP) kunye neSen.Iziko leNkcazo yeNgingqi ye-John Heinz Pittsburgh kulo mzamo. UNksz Betty Arenth, umongameli oyintloko we-History Cente, uyavuya ukuba abe yinxalenye yokusombulula le mfihlakalo. "Kwakungokwemvelo ukuba sibandakanye noBob [Shema] kunye neB-25 Recovery Group - inxalenye yembali yasePittsburgh," kusho uArenth.
U-Shema uthe xa bafumana indiza, nayiphina into yokufakelwa kuyo iya kugqitywa kwiziko leMbali. "Xa siyifumana, yinyanzelo kuyo yonke indawo yasePittsburgh ngoncedo abaninike lona iminyaka."
Xa ebuzwa malunga neengcamango zobuqhetseba, uShema, ongumthonyama wasePittsburgh, ukhumbula umhla owawuphahlazeka. Uvuma ukuba "Kwakuyiminyaka engama-50, ekuphakameni kwemfazwe ebandayo, kwaye sasizungezwe ngeziseko ezingasetyenzisiweyo. Kuyathuthuzela ukuba sicinge ukuba umkhosi wethu ungene uze ususe inqwelo-moya ngaphandle kwamangqina." U-Shema waqhubeka wathi, "Abana bethu besingenakutyala imali yeeyure eziliqela kunye nezixhobo ezibonakalayo kwi-goose ye-wild." Kutheni umntu abeka i-nerve yegesi, okanye izixhobo zenukliya kwi-aircraft engapheliyo? Kwakungenxa yokuthatha umhlala phantsi kwiinyanga ezili-18. Kwakungumhla wokugqibela wenyanga, kwaye aba baqhubi bazama nje ukufumana ixesha lokuhamba kwabo. "
U-Shema wavala, "Le ndege yaphela yerhasi".
Nabani na onomdla ekuncedeni ukuxazulula enye imfihlelo engavumelekanga yasePittsburgh ingenza igalelo elichithwe yerhafu kwiqela le-B-25 Recovery Group. I-Historical Society yaseNtshona Koloni ifake i-akhawunti kwiqela. Iminikelo, eyenziwa kwi-HSWP ingathunyelwa kwidilesi elandelayo:
I-Historical Society yaseNtshona Pennsylvania (HSWP)
Attn. UNksz Betty Arenth-B-25 Project
1212 Smallman Street
Pittsburgh PA 15222