I-Caribbean Carnival ixube iingcambu kwiinkcubeko zaseAfrika naseKatolika
Xa ixesha leKrisimesi liye lasemthethweni kwiCaribbean, lixesha lokucima izicathulo zakho zokudansa kwaye uqale ucinge ngeCarval, ukuba umthendeleko owenzela uhlawulelo olugqithiseleyo kwiFat ngoLwesibili, ngosuku olulandelayo ngaphambi kokuba iLente iqale ngo-Ash ngoLwesithathu. (EUnited States, loo mini kunye nalo mbhiyozo iyaziwa njengeMardi Gras.)
Ukuba uceba uhambo oluya kwiCaribbean ngoFebruwari okanye ngoMatshi, xa i-Fat ngoLwesibili iwa ngokuxhomekeka kunyaka, unokubamba le mihla yokubhiyozelayo yinto yokuphila kwangaphambili.
I-Trinidad, ikhaya layo langaphambili, lona liqela elikhulu kunazo zonke, kodwa kukho ezinye iinqithi apho unokuhlangabezana neCarval , malunga nonyaka.
Iinjongo zeCarnival
I-Carnival e-Caribbean inelungelo lokuzalwa eliyinkimbinkimbi: liboshwe kwi-colonialism, ukuguqulwa kwenkolo, kwaye ekugqibeleni inkululeko kunye nokubhiyozela. Umthendeleko wawuvela kumaKatolika aseItali eYurophu, kwaye kamva wanda kwisiFrentshi naseSpanish , ezazisa i-pre-Lenten kunye nabo xa behlala (kwaye bazisa izikhoboka) eTrinidad , eDominica , eHaiti , eMartinique nakwezinye iziqithi zaseCaribbean.
Igama elithi "iKarnival" ngokwalo licingelwa ukuba lithetha "ukungahambisani nomzimba" okanye "ukuhambelana nenyama," eyayiyichaza umendo wamaKatolika wokuyeka inyama ebomvu ukusuka kwi-Ash ngoLwesithathu kude kube yiPasika . Inkcazo yokugqibela, ngelixa ikhona i-Apocrypha, kuthiwa ibonakalisa ukushiya okunzulu okuza kuchaza ukubhiyozelwa kweCaribbean yeeholide.
Izazi-mlando zikholelwa ukuba iCaribbean yokuqala yeCaribbean Carnival ivela eTrinidad naseTobago ngasekupheleni kwekhulu le-18 xa izikhukula zaseFransi zazisa i-Fat ngoLwesibili ziqhelanise isithethe senkcubeko kunye nabo kwisiqithi, nangona ukugubha kwe-Fat ngoLwesibili kwakwenzeka ngokuqinisekileyo ubuncinane ubunkulungwane ngaphambi kokuba.
Ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-18, kwakukho inani elikhulu labamnyama abakhululekile kwiTrinidad exutywe nabafuduka baseFransi, abafuduki baseSpain nabaseBrithani (isi siqithi saba phantsi kolawulo lwaseBrithani ngo-1797). Oku kubangele ukuguqulwa kweCarnival ukusuka kwimibhiyozo yaseYurophu eya kwiindawo ezininzi ezingafaniyo zenkcubeko ezibandakanya izithethe ezivela kuzo zonke iintlanga ezibandakanya ukubhiyozela. Ekupheleni kobukhoboka ngo-1834, abantu abaninzi ngokukhululekile banokubhiyozela ngaphandle inkcubeko yabo kunye nokukhululwa kwabo ngokugqoka, umculo kunye nokudansa.
Ezi zinto zintathu-ukugqoka kwi-masquerade, umculo, kunye nokudansa-zihlala ziphambili kwimikhosi yeCarnival. Kwenzeka kwiibhola ezicacileyo (isiko saseYurophu) nasezitratweni (isiko sase-Afrika), kunye neengubo, iimaski, iintsiba, iintloko zeentloko, ukudansa, umculo, iintambo zensimbi kunye neengqungquthela yonke inxalenye yesimo, kunye neendlela eziphathekayo
Isithethe Sokuhamba
Ukusuka eTrinidad naseTobago, iCarnival isasazeka kwizinye iinqithi, apho isithethe sifana neenkcubeko zendawo ezahlukileyo-i-salsa ebonisa u-Antigua, umzekelo, kunye ne-calypso eDominica. Imibhiyozo ethile isuke kwikhalenda ye-Easter kwaye igujwa kusentwasahlobo okanye ihlobo.
KwiSt. Vincent naseGrenadines , kukhona uVincy Mas, umkhosi owawubanjwe ekuqaleni kweentsuku ngaphambi kokuba iLente kodwa ngoku iholide. UWincy Mas uquka imikhosi yesitalato, i-calypso kunye neentsimbi ze-drum, kunye neentlanzi ezininzi, i-Mardi Gras kunye namaqela ase-J'Ouvert emigwaqweni kunye neengqungquthela. Yinto efanayo yeCarnival kodwa igcinwe ngexesha elithile.
EMartinique , abahambi banokujonga i-Martinique Carnival, eyenzekayo kwiintsuku ezikhokelela kwiLente kwaye iququzelele iimbasa zendawo kunye nezokhenketho. Ingqungquthela eMartinique yiNkundla ye-"Carnival" ngo-Ash ngoLwesithathu equka i-firefire enkulu apho "uKumkani Vaval," "ukumkani waseCarnival", eyenziwa ngedonga, ukhuni kunye nezinye izinto ezinokutshisa kwaye zitshiswa njengeziqhamo ngokubhiyozela.
EHaiti , abahlali kunye neendwendwe ngokufanayo banokubhiyozela "Iinqambi zeHaiti ze-Kanaval," esinye seziqhamo ezinkulu kwiiCaribbean eziqhelana nezixeko ezininzi zaseHaiti.
Lo mbhiyozo weCarnival uthatha imibhiyozo ye-Fat ngoLwesibili ngokungathandekiyo, kunye nemidlo, iingubo, umculo kunye nazo zonke iintlobo ezonwabileyo.
Kwiiqithi zaseCayman , iBabano, enye yemigubho encinci yeCarnival kwiCaribbean, umcimbi odumile waseMeyi obhiyozelayo imbali yaseAfrika kwiCaribbean, kwakunye nempumelelo yeli xesha kunye nekamva leCayman Islanders. "I-Batabano," inomdla, ixhamla kwiindlela zokuhamba kweentlanzi zasolwandle zasentlabathi xa zisuka ezidlekeni zazo ukuya elunxwemeni, elinye ixesha elikhethiweyo likhethwa ukumela ukukhula kweeIqhingi zaseCayman kwizizukulwana.