I-Hetch Hetchy Reservoir: Isikhokelo esiSebenzayo

01 ngo 05

Isikhokelo kwiHetch Hetchy

Ukuba usondele kufuphi neYosemite kunye nomntu othi Hetch Hetchy, abayikukrazula okanye baxhamle. Kunoko, bathetha ngesigodi esiqingqiweyo se-glacier esibizwa ngokuba nguJohn Muir obizwa ngokuthi "ngumlingani ophawulekayo" kwiJosemite Valley.

Kuze kube ngo-1913, imifudlana yamanzi yawa phantsi kweentaba ezinqabileyo ukuya kwintlambo engezantsi. Namhlanje, ilibi lizalisa umlambo kunye namanzi aphefumulayo.

Ukuba ucinga ngokuhambela iHetch Hetchy ngexesha lakho lekhefu laseYosemite, ezi zinto, iingcinga kunye neembono kunokukunceda ukuba wenze isigqibo sokuba uya kuhamba.

Kutheni uye kwiHetch Hetchy

Indawo ekuthiwa yiHetch Hetchy ingcwatyelwa ngaphantsi kwequla. Kuthe malunga nehafu yeeyure ukusuka kwi-CA Highway 120.

I-Hetch Hetchy inhle kwaye inomdla, kodwa ayikho phakathi kwezinto eziphezulu kwiYosemite. Akukufanelekanga ukuqhuba ixesha elide ukuba ufike apho ukuba ixesha lakho lilinganiselwe. Ukuba uhlala iintsuku ezintathu ukuya kwezine okanye wenze ukutyelela kwakhona, kunokukwenza utshintsho olulungileyo lwezantya.

KwiHitch Hetchy Reservoir, unokuhamba ngaphesheya kwedam kwaye ufunde kabanzi malunga nomlando wendawo kwiimpawu ezichazayo. Ngenxa yokuphakama kwayo kwezantsi, iHetch Hetchy inexesha elide kakhulu lokuhamba kwendawo kule ndawo. Unokuhamba ngeendlela eziliqela, ukusuka kwii-2 ukuya kweekhilomitha ezili-13 ubude.

Ngentwasahlobo, iintyatyambo zasendle ziqhakaza kwiindlela. I-Wapama Falls ibonakala lula ukusuka kwibom. Ukuloba kuvunyelwe unyaka wonke kwiHetch Hetchy, kunye nelayisensi yokuloba yaseCalifornia.

Izilwanyana zivunyelwe kwindawo yokupaka kuphela, kwi-leash, kodwa ayikwazi ukuhamba ngeendlela okanye idama.

02 we 05

Idama le-O'Shaughnessy

Ngomnyaka we-1913, ngexesha elilodwa kwimbali yayo, i-US yavumela idolophu enye ukuba inxalenye efanelekileyo yepaki kazwelonke yokusetyenziswa kwayo kuphela. UMongameli uWoldrow Wilson wasayina uMthetho weRaker ngoDisemba 19, 1913, owavumela iSan Francisco ukwakha idama eHetch Hetchy Valley. Xa kugqitywe ngowe-1923, idama le-O'Shaughnessy lalimi ngamashumi ama-364 ephakamileyo. Kubizwa ngokuba ngumphathi oyintloko weProjekthi yeHetch Hetchy.

I-echibi lihamba malunga neekhilomitha ezili-8 kuMlambo waseTuolumne kwaye ngumthombo wamanzi kubantu abahlala eSan Francisco, eSan Mateo, naseAlameda Counties malunga neekhilomitha ezili-160 ukusuka.

I-Hetch Hetchy ingaphezu kwamanzi nje. Kwakhona umqolo we-San Francisco wendlela echanekileyo yokunikezela amandla, ukunikezela ngamandla kagesi ngamanzi avela kumagumbi amane.

03 we 05

Wapama Falls

Enye yezona ndawo ezikhethekileyo kwiHetch Hetchy, iWapama Falls iyi-1,300-foot-long cascade ehamba ngokukhawuleza entwasahlobo xa iqhwa lichithwa. Kwaye ichithe ngqo ngqo echibini.

Nangona kungabonakali kwindawo yokupaka kwindawo yokupaka kunye neDamTueeulala Falls iphinda ihlasele ngqo elwandle.

04 we 05

Ukufikelela kwiHetch Hetchy: Imephu

I-Hetch Hetchy Valley kunye ne-Reservoir ye-Hetch Hetchy Valley kunye ne-Reservoir, malunga ne-3,800, ephakamileyo kwipaki, malunga neekhilomitha ezili-500 ukusuka e-Big Oak. Uyabona ukuba ikuphi imephu yeYosemite.

Ukufikelela kwiHetch Hetchy, kufuneka uphume kwi-Yosemite National Park uze ungene kwakhona. Thatha i-CA Highway 120 ukusuka epaki ukuya kwi-Groveland. Ukusuka kwindlela ebalulekileyo, malunga ne-20 ukuya kweyimizuzu engama-25 ukuya kwindawo yokupaka.

Isiqingatha seyure ukuya kwiHetch Hetchy ukusuka kwi-CA Highway 120 iqala ngaphandle kwemida yepaki. Iyadlula iCamp Mather, ikampu yokwakha kwiDama le-O'Shaughnessy, e-kuba umhlaba unelesi sixeko-ngoku isiqithi se-San Francisco.

Ukusuka apho, indlela ilandela uMlambo weTuolumne, ujikeleze ngaphaya kwePoopenaut Valley kwindawo yokupaka kunye neentlango zeentlango. Ukutyelela ngokuqhelekileyo kwiHetch Hetchy, vumela ii-1.5 iiyure ukwenza uhambo olujikelezayo ukusuka kumgwaqo omkhulu.

Izithuthi ezingaphezu kweenyawo ezili-25 ubude zingavunyelwe kwindlela encinci, indlela ehamba phambili eya kwiHetch Hetchy.

05 we 05

IHetch Hetchy Valley ngaphambi kweDam

Lo mzobo ngu-Albert Bierstadt-nangona mhlawumbi ucinga-kukunika ingcamango yendlela intlambo ibonakala ngayo ngaphambi kwedamu, kwaye ingajonga njani ukuba ibuyiselwe kwimeko yayo yendalo.

Imfazwe yokuLondoloza iHetch Hetchy

Ngomnyaka we-1870, umzululwazi uJohn Muir wabiza iHetch Hetchy Valley "umlingani ngokumangalisayo weYosemite omkhulu." Xa kuphazamisa uMlambo weTuolumne eHetch Hetchy Valley kuqala kucetyiswa, wadibana nokuphikiswa okukhulu eMir. Uthi ucatshulwe yiSierra Club kunye nabanye bathi: "Idama leHetch Hetchy! Kanye nedama lamathangi amanzi abantu bamathredrals kunye namabandla, kuba akukho tempile ethembekileyo eye yahlanjululwa ngentliziyo yomntu."

UMir kunye nabalandeli bakhe balwa imfazwe enamandla, ekugqibeleni ubomi bukaMuir (wafa ngo-1914), kodwa balahleka. I-Hetch Hetchy Lake yawalela umlambo. Nanamhlanje, abanye bayichasa ubukho bayo kwaye bazame ukususa. Funda umbono wabo.

Kwiminyaka emininzi kamva, le mpikiswano iyaqhubeka. Ngowe-1987, uNobhala weNgaphakathi uDonald Hodel wacebisa icebo lokubuyisela iHetch Hetchy Valley. I-Sierra Club isekela uxinzelelo oluqhubekayo lokunciphisa idama nokubuyisela intlambo, kwaye inhlangano ibuyisela ulwazi oluninzi malunga neemeko ezikhoyo, inyaniso malunga neengcamango eziqhelekileyo kunye nezindlela ongenza ngayo uluvo lwakho.